What Is HPV?
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a common sexually transmitted infection. It includes over 100 different types, some of which cause warts, while others are linked to cancers.
How Common Is It in Men?
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Roughly 1 in 3 men carry at least one genital HPV type at any time.
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Around 20% carry a high-risk strain linked to cancer.
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HPV rates peak between ages 25–29 and may rise again in midlife.
How Is HPV Transmitted?
HPV is passed through skin-to-skin contact, typically during sexual activity. Most men don’t show symptoms, but they can still pass the virus on to others.
What Can HPV Cause in Men?
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Low-risk types may cause genital warts.
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High-risk types can lead to cancers of the penis, anus, and throat, especially in men who have sex with men (MSM) or those with weakened immune systems.
Why Consider Testing?
Most HPV infections in men are asymptomatic. Testing can:
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Detect hidden infections
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Help reduce transmission to partners
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Identify early signs of cancer risk in high-risk groups
What Types of Testing Are Available?
Routine HPV testing isn’t currently recommended for all men. However, certain high-risk individuals may benefit from a targeted screening test called an anal Pap smear.
What Is an Anal Pap Smear?
An anal Pap smear involves gently collecting cells from inside the anus using a soft brush. These cells are checked for abnormal changes, known as AIN (anal intraepithelial neoplasia), which may lead to cancer if left untreated.
Who Should Consider It?
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Men who have sex with men (MSM)
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Men living with HIV
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Individuals with a history of anal warts or HPV-related lesions
Is Follow-Up Needed?
Yes. If abnormalities are found, your provider may recommend further testing or treatment to prevent progression to anal cancer.
